When Sigmund Freud finally decided to visit the country of Descartes following World War I, he enlivened intellectual milieus and revealed fault lines that were sometimes unexpected. The dialogue was all the more intense given that literati had adopted psychoanalysis more than physicians had. This led to fraught relations, characterised by rivalries and misunderstandings. But that was perhaps the price to pay. For while Freudian orthodoxy often suffered, French literature profited from this adventure. To face the challenge, both literature and philosophy had to reinvent themselves to find their own language.
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